From 2008 to 2022, 83 products were tested through the IR-4 Environmental Horticulture Program as foliar or drench applications against bacterial pathogens. In addition to research collected through the IR-4 program, this summary includes
Category: Efficacy
Mollusc Efficacy – 2024
Molluscs (slugs and snails) can cause significant feeding damage of environmental horticulture plants in production. Baits containg metaldehyde or iron phosphate are the primary means to manage molluscs. This project was initiated to examine the potential for active ingredients with less risky environmental
Fatty Acid Herbicide Efficacy – 2024
Fatty acid herbicides represent potential alternatives for managing glyphosate resistant weeds as well as an option for less environmental impacts for post emergent weed management. However, optimal use patterns have not been fully established. From 2020 to 2023, five different fatty
Phytophthora Efficacy – 2024
Root rots caused by Phytophthora species are often not noticed until foliar symptoms of wilting and stunting are observed. Phytophthora root rots are difficult to manage there are multiple species with differential sensitivities to fungicides.
Nutsedge and Sedge Efficacy – 2023
Nutsedges and sedges (Cyperus sp.) are difficult to manage during the production of perennial environmental horticulture crops grown in containers or in the field. During the 2006 IR-4 Environmental Horticulture Workshop, a project was prioritized to screen for efficacious
Rhizoctonia Efficacy – 2023
From 1999 to 2023, 44 products or active ingredients were evaluated for Rhizoctonia solani management in greenhouse experiments as soil drench, soil incorporation, foliar or soak application, and in field experiments as soil drenches.
Liverwort Efficacy – 2023
Liverworts (Marchantia sp.) are difficult to manage during the production of perennial environmental horticulture crops grown in containers. Liverworts are among the most serious weeds of container grown ornamentals.
Powdery Mildew Efficacy Summary – 2023
Powdery mildew is a highly recognizable disease with pronounced colonies of white on foliage and, for some species, on petals. Due to the high number of spored produced, powdery mildews often develop resistance quickly to fungicides.
Scale Efficacy – 2023
Managing scale insects presents unique challenges. Products with contact modes of action must be applied at specific timings in order to reach the most susceptible crawler stages. Products with
Botrytis Efficacy Summary – 2023
At the IR-4 Environmental Horticulture Program Workshop in 2011, Botrytis Efficacy was selected as a high priority project to expand the knowledge and list of fungicides available to growers for these diseases.